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Financial protection is at the core of universal health coverage (UHC) and one of the final coverage goals. Health financing policy directly affects financial protection. Inadequate financial protection mechanisms in health lead to financial hardship due to out-of-pocket health spending and financial barriers to access health care. This page includes SDG and SDG related indicators of financial hardship such as SDG indicator 3.8.2 on catastrophic health spending as well as indicators showing to what extent out-of-pocket health spending contributes to poverty.
Key to protecting people is to ensure prepayment and pooling of resources for health, rather than relying on people paying for health services out-of-pocket at the time of use.
Catastrophic out-of-pocket health spending indicators
Catastrophic out-of-pocket health spending (SDG indicator 3.8.2 and regional indicators where available)
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Population with household expenditures on health greater than 10% of total household expenditure or income (SDG 3.8.2) (%) -
Total population with household expenditures on health greater than 10% of total household expenditure or income (SDG 3.8.2) (%)
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Total population with household expenditures on health greater than 10% of total household expenditure or income (SDG indicator 3.8.2) (millions)
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Population with household expenditures on health greater than 25% of total household expenditure or income ( SDG indicator 3.8.2) (%)
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Total population with household expenditures on health greater than 25% of total household expenditure or income ( SDG indicator 3.8.2) (%)
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Total population with household expenditures on health greater than 25% of total household expenditure or income (SDG indicator 3.8.2) (millions)
Impoverishing out-of-pocket health spending: Pushed below a poverty line by household expenditures on health (Related to SDG indicator 1.1.1 and regional indicators where available)
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Population pushed below the $1.90 a day poverty line by household health expenditures
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Total population pushed below the $1.90 a day poverty line by household health expenditures
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Total population pushed below the $1.90 a day poverty line by household health expenditures (millions)
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Population pushed below the $3.20 a day poverty line by household health expenditures (%)
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Total population pushed below the $3.20 a day poverty line by household health expenditures (%)
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Total population pushed below the $3.20 a day poverty line by household health expenditures (millions)
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Population pushed below a relative poverty line by household health expenditures (60% of median daily per capita consumption or income)
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Total population pushed below a relative poverty line by household health expenditures (60% of median daily per capita consumption or income) (%)
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Total population pushed below a relative poverty line by household health expenditures (60% of median daily per capita consumption or income) (millions)
Impoverishing out-of-pocket health spending: Poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending
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Increase in poverty gap due to household health expenditures, expressed as a proportion of the $1.90 a-day poverty line (%)
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Increase in poverty gap due to household health expenditures, expressed as a proportion of the 3.20 a-day poverty line (%)
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Increase in poverty gap due to household health expenditures, expressed as a proportion of a relative poverty line (60% of median daily per capita consumption or income)(%)
Catastrophic and impoverishing out-of-pocket health spending (food, housing and utilities approach - developed by WHO/Europe)
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Households with out-of-pocket payments greater than 40% of capacity to pay for health care (food, housing and utilities approach - developed by WHO/Europe) (%)
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Households pushed below or further below a relative poverty line (reflecting basic needs: food, housing, utilities) by out-of-pocket payments (%)
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Households impoverished by out-of-pocket payments (relative poverty line reflecting basic needs: food, housing, utilities) (%)
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Households further impoverished by out-of-pocket payments (relative poverty line reflecting basic needs: food, housing, utilities) (%)
Coverage of essential health services indicators
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Primary data availability for UHC Service Coverage Index (SDG 3.8.1) (%)
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UHC Service Coverage Index (SDG 3.8.1)
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UHC Service Coverage sub-index on reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
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UHC Service Coverage sub-index on infectious diseases
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UHC Service Coverage sub-index on noncommunicable diseases
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UHC Service Coverage sub-index on service capacity an access
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